The use of cannabinoids in medical treatments for children and adolescents is rising, often to manage conditions like epilepsy or chemotherapy-induced nausea. While this approach may seem promising, comprehensive research sheds light on the serious risks associated with these substances for young individuals.

Increased Risk of Adverse Events

A detailed review of 23 clinical trials involving over 3,600 children and adolescents revealed significant risks linked to cannabinoid use. Compared to other treatments or placebos, these substances were associated with a higher likelihood of unpleasant side effects. Many participants experienced such severe adverse events that they withdrew from the studies altogether.

For developing bodies, these risks are especially troubling. Symptoms like diarrhoea, extreme drowsiness, and signs of liver stress or damage were frequently reported, raising serious concerns about the impact on children’s health.

Disturbing Side Effects

Certain side effects stood out for occurring at notably higher rates in participants treated with cannabinoids. These included:

• Diarrhoea: Found to be a common issue, significantly more participants on cannabinoids experienced diarrhoea compared to control groups.
• Liver enzyme elevation: Tests revealed raised levels of liver enzymes, indicating potential stress or harm to the liver. This could have serious consequences for a child’s developing body.
• Somnolence (drowsiness): Many participants reported excessive drowsiness, which can affect daily life, learning, and overall energy levels.

Other side effects, such as fatigue and dizziness, were also noted but were less common. Even so, any condition that reduces the vitality or focus of a child or adolescent must be taken seriously. Neuroscientist Yasmin Hurd also warns that cannabis use in children and adolescents can lead to psychiatric problems, including dependence and schizophrenia. Her research suggests that cannabis exposure can disrupt brain development, leading to long-term mental health issues. Read more: Science.org

Concerns in Key Treatment Areas

Cannabinoids are often used as treatments for epilepsy and to manage chemotherapy-related nausea in children. However, the findings from the review call into question whether the potential benefits justify the heightened risks. Both conditions require effective relief, but exposing young, developing bodies to substances with such serious side effects demands caution and careful consideration.

Long-Term Risks and Unanswered Questions

One of the major concerns highlighted by this research is the lack of information on the long-term effects of cannabinoids in younger individuals. Most trials only tracked participants for short periods, meaning the potential for chronic health impacts, dependency, or other developmental issues remains largely unknown.

Additionally, little is understood about how cannabinoids interact with other medications. Many children undergoing treatment for complex conditions take multiple drugs, and without sufficient research, the safety of combining these therapies is unclear.

Proceeding With Caution

Considering the risks, healthcare providers and parents must weigh the potential benefits of cannabinoid treatments against their known dangers. Safer options—those with fewer risks and more established safety records—should be prioritised for children and adolescents wherever possible.

Protecting Young Lives

This research underscores the need for careful and informed decision-making when it comes to treating children with cannabinoids. Side effects like diarrhoea, liver problems, and drowsiness, alongside the lack of long-term safety data, highlight the need for alternatives that prioritise the health and well-being of young patients.

Ensuring that children are protected from substances that could compromise their growth, development, or quality of life is of critical importance. Policymakers, healthcare providers, and society as a whole bear the responsibility of advocating for safer, more reliable treatment options to secure a healthier future for the next generation.

Treating children with cannabinoids is a delicate issue that needs careful consideration. While they might be helpful in some cases, it’s vital to focus on safer treatments to protect their health and ensure their well-being.

Source: Jama Network