Context and Objectives
The research conducted at a day-service centre in Dublin, Ireland, delves into the practicality of a low-threshold exercise program combined with protein supplementation to target frailty and poor physical functioning among individuals grappling with homelessness and addiction issues. The study aims to assess the viability and impact of such an intervention within this specific demographic.
Key Findings and Observations
- Participant Recruitment and Retention:
- A total of 32 participants were recruited, with a median of 2 new participants per week.
- The retention rate stood at 45%, with higher rates noted among older individuals, females, those more stably housed, and those stable in addiction.
- Adherence and Return Rates:
- Adherence to exercise sessions reached 90%, with all participants complying with the protein supplement regimen.
- Frequent returners tended to be older, female, more stably housed, and stable in addiction, showcasing distinctive characteristics compared to sporadic or non-returners.
- Program Feasibility and Acceptability:
- While the program did not lead to significant effectiveness outcomes, it demonstrated feasibility in implementation.
- Participant feedback emphasised the acceptability and utility of the program.
- Physical Assessments and Health Indicators:
- Older participants displayed a mean age of 58.4 years among frequent returners, indicating a higher age bracket compared to sporadic or non-returners.
- Females exhibited a notably higher retention rate (80%) than males (42%).
- Those who regularly attended showed greater stability in addiction status.
- Various health indicators such as grip strength, calf circumference, nutritional status, and frailty measures revealed nuanced insights into the participants’ health profiles.
- The presence of sarcopenia was notable in older individuals, while the majority reported chronic pain.
- Overall Implications:
- The study underscored the need for interventions targeting physical functioning and frailty in homeless populations.
- The intervention proved safe, feasible, and well-received by participants despite limited changes in physical outcomes likely due to the study’s sample size and intervention frequency.
Recommendations
The study’s findings illuminate the intricate challenges faced by individuals experiencing homelessness and addiction, emphasising the importance of tailored interventions that consider the unique needs of this vulnerable population. While the exercise program with protein supplementation demonstrated feasibility and acceptance, further research with larger sample sizes and refined interventions could yield more substantial impacts on physical health and well-being within this demographic. The study serves as a stepping stone towards developing holistic approaches to address the complex health disparities prevalent among individuals facing homelessness and addiction issues.
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