New research reveals a strong connection between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and an increased likelihood of substance use and problematic drug behaviours in early adulthood. The study, which analysed data from over 4,700 participants in the Growing Up in Ireland longitudinal study, highlights the profound impact of childhood trauma on young adults’ lives.

ACE Exposure and Escalating Risks

Young adults exposed to ACEs were found to be significantly more likely to use illicit drugs, including cannabis, and engage in problematic drug use. Notably, those who experienced two ACEs had nearly double the odds of problematic drug use, while individuals exposed to three or more ACEs faced an almost threefold increase in risk.

Prevention and Mediating Factors

The study emphasises the urgent need to target children with ACEs in substance use prevention programmes. It also identifies key mediating factors, such as positive parental and peer relationships and engagement with school, which can help mitigate the association between ACEs and later substance use. Strengthening interpersonal bonds and fostering school engagement could form the basis of effective intervention strategies.

The findings reinforce the role that childhood environments play in shaping future behaviours. Supporting children with ACEs through targeted interventions could significantly reduce the risk of substance misuse in their early adult years. Efforts to bolster family connections and school engagement are critical steps in breaking this harmful cycle.

This research underscores the importance of early prevention and the pivotal role of social support in helping at-risk youth lead healthier lives.

Source: ScienceDirect