The simultaneous use of cannabis and tobacco is on the rise in the United States, with a significant uptick among older adults. This trend has garnered attention due to the compounded health risks associated with the co-use of these substances. A recent study by Duke University School of Medicine delves into this growing issue, revealing critical data and insights into the patterns of use and the potential implications for public health.

Duke University Study Findings

Researchers at Duke University analysed two decades of national data, uncovering a marked increase in the co-use of cannabis and tobacco, particularly among older age groups. The study, published in Addictive Behaviours, utilised data from 708,891 adults from the 2002-2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. In 2021, 6.38% of U.S. adults reported using both substances within the past month, a notable rise from previous years.

The study highlights a shift in behaviour across different age groups. While younger adults aged 18-25 showed a decline in co-use after 2014, older adults presented a contrasting trend. For individuals aged 50 and older, co-use surged from 0.42% in 2002 to 3.13% by 2019. Similarly, those aged 26-34 saw their co-use rates nearly double, from 6.15% in 2002 to 10.3% in 2019. Adults aged 35-49 experienced a stable period from 2002-2009, followed by a significant increase to 6.62% in 2019.

The co-use of cannabis and tobacco is associated with greater health risks than using either substance alone. The study authors warn of exposure to cancer-causing chemicals and decreased success in quitting efforts. As cannabis becomes more accessible due to widespread legalisation, the intersection of its use with tobacco presents unique challenges for healthcare providers and policymakers.

Implications for Healthcare Providers

The rising trend of co-use necessitates a proactive approach from healthcare providers. The study suggests that medical professionals should routinely screen for the co-use of cannabis and tobacco when patients report using either substance. Understanding the motivation behind cannabis use—whether for medical or recreational purposes—can further inform tailored interventions and cessation programs.

The researchers, including F. Joseph McClernon, PhD, and Lauren R. Pacek, PhD, emphasise the need for targeted programs to help individuals quit both substances. They advocate for distinguishing the reasons for cannabis use and understanding how it intersects with tobacco consumption to develop effective public health strategies.

Source: Duke University