In a groundbreaking study that casts new light on substance abuse trends among the youth in the United States, researchers at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) have identified a dramatic escalation in cannabis abuse among adolescents over a two-decade span. The study, published in Clinical Toxicology, underscores a 245% increase in cannabis abuse from 2000 to 2020, marking a significant public health concern as alcohol abuse among teens concurrently exhibits a steady decline.

A Perturbing Rise in Adolescent Cannabis Abuse

The OHSU research meticulously analysed data from the National Poison Data System, focusing on instances of intentional abuse or misuse reported among American children aged 6 to 18 years. The findings reveal more than 338,000 reported incidents within this timeframe, with a notable majority of these cases—58.3%—involving male adolescents. Most strikingly, the surge in cannabis abuse was predominantly recorded among individuals aged 13 to 18, accounting for over 80% of all reported exposures.

This upward trajectory in cannabis misuse among teens is particularly troubling given the substance’s increasing accessibility and the changing perception of its safety. The study’s lead author, Dr. Adrienne Hughes, Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine in the OHSU School of Medicine, emphasises the significance of these findings. According to Hughes, the prevalence of edible cannabis products has become a key factor contributing to this rise, making marijuana more accessible to children and adolescents and potentially altering their perceptions of its harmlessness.

The Shift towards Edibles and Unanticipated Risks

The study points to the growing popularity of edible cannabis products as a contributing factor to the increased incidence of abuse. Unlike smoked cannabis, which typically induces immediate effects, edibles can take several hours to produce intoxication. This delay may lead individuals, particularly inexperienced users, to consume larger amounts than intended, resulting in unexpected and potentially dangerous highs.

Edible and vaping products are often marketed in ways that appeal to younger audiences. Their discreet and convenient nature, coupled with appealing packaging, can obscure the potential risks associated with their use. These products’ potency and delayed onset of effects pose significant challenges, as they can lead to unintended overconsumption and acute intoxication among adolescents.

Addressing the Challenge

The findings of the OHSU study serve as a crucial wake-up call to public health professionals, policymakers, educators, and parents alike. The marked increase in cannabis abuse among adolescents signals a pressing need for comprehensive strategies aimed at education, prevention, and intervention. It is imperative that efforts to combat this trend include targeted education that accurately conveys the risks associated with cannabis use, particularly in forms that may seem benign, like edibles.

Furthermore, the study highlights the necessity of considering the impact of cannabis legalisation on youth. While legalisation efforts often focus on adult use, the unintentional consequences for adolescents must be carefully managed through robust regulation, secure packaging, and clear labelling to mitigate access and appeal to this vulnerable population.

Source: OHSU News – Teen Cannabis Abuse Has Increased 245% Over 20 Years, Study Finds